What Is Generative Engine Optimization (GEO)?
GEO is the term coined for ranking in answer engines like ChatGPT, Perplexity, Claude, Gemini and Bing Copilot. Here's what it actually means, how it differs from SEO, and what to do about it.
Generative Engine Optimization (GEO) is the practice of getting your business, product or content cited by generative AI systems like ChatGPT, Perplexity, Claude, Google Gemini and Microsoft Copilot. It is to AI answers what SEO is to Google search results.
GEO is also sometimes called Answer Engine Optimization (AEO), LLM SEO, AI SEO, or ChatGPT SEO. They all describe the same underlying discipline. The term GEO has the most academic traction (it was popularised in a 2023 paper from Princeton, Georgia Tech and Allen Institute for AI).
GEO vs. classic SEO - what's actually different
Classic SEO optimises for ten blue links on a search engine results page. The user clicks a link and lands on your site.
GEO optimises for citation inside a synthesised answer. The AI assistant reads many sources, blends them, and returns a paragraph. Your goal isn't a link - it's being named in the paragraph, or at minimum cited as a source.
This changes the playbook in three concrete ways.
2. Multi-engine, multi-modal sources
Different generative engines use different retrieval sources:
- ChatGPT Browse / SearchGPT - Bing's live search index
- Perplexity - its own index plus heavy reliance on Reddit, news sites, trade publications
- Google Gemini - Google Search + Google Knowledge Graph + Wikidata
- Microsoft Copilot - Bing's index + Microsoft Graph (LinkedIn, Outlook data)
- Claude - primarily training data (no live web browsing by default); Reddit + Wikipedia particularly weighted
Optimising for one engine doesn't necessarily move the others. GEO is a multi-platform discipline.
3. Structured data + entity links matter more
LLMs love structured data because it's unambiguous. A Wikidata entry with `instance of: business`, `country: UK`, `service: plumber` is far more useful to an LLM than a paragraph of marketing copy. The `sameAs` property in your LocalBusiness JSON-LD - linking to your Wikidata, Crunchbase, LinkedIn, Google Maps and social profiles - is the single most under-used schema field for GEO.
The GEO checklist
- Bing Places listing (powers ChatGPT Browse + Copilot)
- Bing Webmaster Tools verification + sitemap submission
- LocalBusiness JSON-LD with complete `sameAs` array
- Organization, BreadcrumbList, HowTo, FAQPage schema where applicable
- Wikidata entry with `instance of` + `industry` + `country` properties
- OpenStreetMap business listing
- Wayback Machine snapshots of key pages
- Reddit presence in trade subreddits (build karma for 4 weeks first)
- Podcast appearances (transcripts = training data)
- News mentions via HARO/Qwoted (one news cite = 50 directory cites)
- Reviews on Google and Trustpilot (cited by Perplexity, Copilot)
- Weekly verification by running the same prompts across all 5 major AI engines
How to measure GEO
There is no "GEO ranking dashboard" from the platforms themselves. You measure GEO by running prompts and logging what you get.
The standard method: pick 10 prompts a real customer would type (a mix of discovery, comparison, buyer-intent and direct queries about your brand). Run them weekly in ChatGPT, Perplexity, Claude, Gemini and Bing Copilot. Log named/not-named, position, and citation sources for each. Track the curve over 12 weeks.
That's exactly what the Asked LLM Test Lab sheet does. You can also run a free 60-second audit at askedaudits.com that scores your current visibility on one of the five engines.
Is GEO the future or a fad?
Generative engines already account for a meaningful share of search-style queries in 2026 and are growing. The question is whether a separate term - GEO, AEO, LLM SEO - will survive, or whether the discipline will fold back into "SEO" the way mobile SEO did.
Practically, it doesn't matter. The work is the same: structured data, entity links, citations across high-trust sources, real reviews, and verifiable measurement. Whatever you call it, this is what gets your business into AI answers.
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